Day Before Cooking (Optional):
Trim the beef tenderloin if not pre-trimmed, removing silverskin and excess fat.
Cut the tenderloin into two pieces and tuck the thinner end under to create a uniform shape. Tie with butcher's twine.
Season all over with salt and pepper. Leave uncovered in the refrigerator overnight or for at least 10 hours to help develop a crust.
Day of Cooking:
Remove the tenderloin from the refrigerator and let it sit at room temperature for about 2 hours.
Preheat the oven to 425°F.
Heat the oil in a large cast-iron or oven-safe skillet over medium-high heat. Sear the beef tenderloin on all sides for 3 to 5 minutes per side, creating a golden-brown crust.
In a small dish, mix softened butter, garlic, horseradish, and rosemary.
Slather the butter mixture over the seared tenderloin. Insert a probe thermometer into the thickest part of the meat.
Transfer the skillet to the oven (or move the tenderloin to an oven-safe dish) and roast until the desired internal temperature is reached (see temperature guide below). This usually takes 20 to 25 minutes.
Remove the tenderloin from the oven and let it rest on a cutting board for 15 to 20 minutes to allow juices to redistribute.
Slice into 1-inch pieces and serve.
Internal Temperature Guide:
Rare: 115°F - 120°F
Medium Rare: 120°F - 125°F
Medium: 130°F - 135°F Note: The internal temperature will rise 5 to 7 degrees as the meat rests.